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(No'ModeL) 2 Sheets-Sheet L,

N. H. EDGERTON;

ENGINE. No. 416,147. Patented Nov. 26, 1889.,

hllinl [I N MIHM S {I W WITNESSES Z9?? (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2'. N. H. EDGERTON.

ENGINE.

Patented Nov. 26, 1889.

l VITNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NATHAN H. EDGERTON, OF PHILADELPHIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CHARLES M. RHODES, OF VAYNE, PENNSYLVANIA.

ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 416,147, dated November 26, 1889.

Application filed May 2, 1889- To (all 1071,017 may concern:

Be it known that I, NATHAN H. EDGERTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention has relation generally to steam or other engines of the form in which the pistons have a combined or simultaneous reciprocating and rotary movement for imparting motion to a driving-shaft without the intervention of cross -heads, pitmen, and cranks, and particularly to that type of the same wherein the piston has a circumferential spiral groove for engagement with a trunnion-head projecting through the side of the cylinder, as fully shown, described, and claimed in another application filed by me on the th day of June, 1888, Serial No. 278,167; and it has for its objects simplicity of construction and arrangements of parts for cheapening the cost of manufacture, for lessening the friction between and the consequent wear of the operative parts of the engine, and for making it more compact, durable, and efficient.

My invention accordingly consists of the combinations, constructions, and arrangements of parts, as hereinfter described in the specification, and pointed out in the claims, having reference particularly to the provision of a roller-engagement between'the driving-shaft and piston and of rotary cutoff valves within the cylinder at each end of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherei'n Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of an engine embodying my improvements. atransverse central section of same. Fig. 3 is an elevation, partly sectional, of adjustable trunnion-head for the piston. Figs. 4' and 5 are elevations, partly sectional, of drivingshaft, valves, and an arrangement of steam and exhaust ports wherein the steam is not used expansively; and Figs. 6 and 7 are like views showing the steamrand exhaust ports arranged for using steam expansively.

Fig. 2 1s Serial No. 309,359. (No model.)

' A represents the cylinder, having a bedplate a and heads a with stuffing-boxes a through which passes the driving-shaft B, which, as shown, is preferably round in crosssection from end to end.

0 indicates the tubular piston surrounding the shaft B within the cylinder. The bore 0 of the piston is preferably of a diameter larger than that of the shaft 15, as shown, and in said bore are two oppositely-located longitudinal slots 0 0', running from end to end of the piston foiyengagement with rollers 19 b on a cross head or bar I), firmly secured to or forming a part of shaft 13. .The rollers b may be journaled or mounted upon pins or studs formed on the cross-bar b or upon a common pin-shaft driven into a suitably-formed opening in said cross-bar, as indicated by dotted lines 0 Fig. 1. a

The ends of the piston-bore are closed by heads a, screwed or otherwise attached to the piston ends so as to be removable, and said heads also serve to retain the circumferential packing-rings c in the annular corner recesses c at the ends of the piston. If desired, a packing may be provided for the bore of the piston-heads a but this is not essential.

The cylinder 0 is provided with the circumferential spiral groove 0, which may be of any suitable configuration in cross-section. In the drawings it is represented as being in the form of a frustum of a cone to receive or engage with a correspondingly-formed trunnion-head or roller f on a screw or other adjustable plug F, projecting through the cylinder-wall, at or near its transverse middle, which plug is firmly held in its adjusted position by jam-nuts f I prefer to use the form of spiral groove 0 and trunnion-head f, as shown, on account of economy of construction in making a. snug fit between said parts, to avoid loose play at any point of said groove, and, further, to admit of more economically and easily retrimming said head f in case of wear of the same to admit of the necessary adjustment to take up such wear.

The use of the crossbar b dispenses with the employment of an angular cross'section for shaft B for engagement with the piston, and avoids undue wear of said shaft, and,

further, admits of economical repairs or placement of said parts when necessary.

At each end of the cylinder A, and firmly secured to shaft B, so as to rotate therewith, are disk-shaped cutoffs or valves G and G, rotating in contact with port-seats ll and ll, respectively. The latter may be a part of the cylinder-heads a, if desired; but I prefer to make them separate and loosely mount them upon shaft B, so as to slide longitudinally thereon under the influence of suitable springs 7L, located between said seats and the cylinder-heads, in order that said seats will always maintain a close or steam-tight contact with the cut-off valves G G, and take up the wear of their contacting or Wearing surfaces, and when so made said seats are provided with suitable pins hfor engagement with guideways 71 in the cylinder-heads a, as indicated by dotted lines to 1 the right "of Fig. 1, to prevent the said seats ro ta'ti'ng with the shaft B and valves G and G The seats H and H are each provided with segmental steam and exhaust ports I and I, respectively, which lead to corresponding inlets or pipes K K, located orneach side of the cylinder, as more plainlyshown in Fig. 2.

The valves G G have a peripheral segment-a1 notch or recess 9 for alternately 'open- 1 ing and closing the exhaust and steam ports I and I in the seats II and H to the cylinder, said valves being secured to the shaft B with their notches or-recesses oppositely lo-- cated', so that when one of the valves is admitting steam at one end of the cylinder the other is exhausting at therem'ainin'g cylinder 'end'. The ports I and I. may be arranged as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, wherein they are of an extended length to be uncovered throughout the length of the stroke of the piston, so as not to use the steam expansively, Fig. 4 showing the valves at one of their dead-centers or points whereat both thefsteam and exhaust ports are closed, and Fig. 5 showing them at the beginning of the stroke with they steam and .exhaust ports just uncovered. By lessening the length of the segmental steamports I, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the valves cutoff the admission of steam at certain por- 'tionsof the stroke for using steam expansively, and by providing an adjustable side g for the valve notches or recesses g the latter may be adjusted in widthas desired for regulating to a'nicety the cut-off of the'steam 'forruseexpansively the same as in other en- 'gines.

By coupling up two or more. of the cylii1-' 'ders to one and thesame driving-shaft and setting the valves of one'cylinder a quarter- 'turn or more or less in advance of the valves of the otherya compound engine is provided It is obvious that other suitable motive power besides steam may be employed for operating the engine, and also that the improvements herein described, excepting the valves and port-seats, may be used in connection with the form of engine having slidevalves, as set forth in said other pending application.

\Vhat I claim is- 1. In a steam-engine having a reciprocating and rotary piston, a driving-shaft passing through said piston, and a cross-bar with rollers on said shaft for engagement with said piston, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of cylinder A, piston O, driying-shaft B, passing through said cylind'er and piston, and rollers b b on said shaft for engagement with said piston, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of cylinder A, having adjustable trunnion-head f, tubular piston 0, having recesses or slots in its bore, and a 1 circumferential spiral groove engaging with said trunnion-head, a driving-shaft passing thron-gh said cylinder and piston, and a rollerengagement between said shaft and recesses in the bore of the piston, substantially "as set forth.

4. The "combination of cylinder A, recirprocating and rotary piston 0, having packingriugs c and heads 0 driving-shaft B,passi-n-g through said cylinder and piston, and a cross-bar with rollers on said shaft for "engagement with said piston, substantially as set forth.

5. The tubular piston -G,'having circumferential spiral-groove o annular corner recesses 0 packing-rings c in said recesses, -heads'c for the piston, and longitudinal recesses c in the bore of the piston, substantiallyas -set forth. I

(3. The combination of cylinder A, having screw-plug F, provided with ,trirnn-ion head f and jam-nuts f, the .pistonC, having'spiral groove d et the form of a frustum of a cone in cross-section, and a driving-shaft passing through said cylinder and piston, substantially as set forth.

7. The combinationof-a reciprocating'and rotary piston, a driving-shaft in gear-therewith, and rotating cut-off valves'on saidshaft, substantially as set forth.

8. In combination with cylinder A, thereciproca'ting'and ro tary, cylinder-shaft B, and rotary valves G andG, substantiallyas set forth.

9. The combination'of cylinder A, 're'ciproeating and rotary piston C, shaft '13, diskvalves G'andG on said shaft, andport-seats for said valves within 'said'cylinder, substantially as set forth.

10. The combinationofcylinderA,reciproeating and rotary piston C,"shaft I5, valves G G on said shaft, and non-rotary sliding seats H and I-I','ha'ving steam andexhaust ports for said valves, substantially as set forth.

der and mounted upon ashaft passing through 15 said cylinder and piston, substantially as set forth.

15. The combination of cylinder A, piston O, valves G and G, having notches g, with adjustable sides g, and seats H and I1, suh- 2o stantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

NATHAN I-I. ED GERTON.

\Vitnesses:

JOHN RODGERS, S. J. VAN STAvoREN. 

